Abstract Clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a highly aggressive malignancy that originates in the kidney. It often exhibits a limited response or can be refractory to a wide range of anti-cancer therapies. including tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Ferroptosis is a form of oxidative. https://smokeysmountainfurnitureoutlets.shop/product-category/side-chair/