The study aimed to examine the combined effects of caffeine and aerobic exercise on leptin levels and some indices of insulin resistance in diabetics Thirty-two males with type 2 diabetes participated in a quasi-experimental and double-blind design. All participants were divided into four homogeneous groups of 8 individuals. including placebo (P). caffeine supplementation (C). https://cosmeticssquadets.shop/product-category/breathing-aids/